THE 7 LAYERS OF PHOTONICS

THE 7 LAYERS OF PHOTONICS

1. Materials & Wafers (substrate layer)

$AXT Inc(AXTI)$, $IQE(IQE.UK)$ $Wolfspeed Inc.(WOLF)$, $COHERENT(COHR)$, $Lightwave Logic, Inc.(LWLG)$

2. Tools (fabrication layer)

$ASML Holding NV(ASML)$, $Applied Materials(AMAT)$, $Lam Research(LRCX)$

3. Lasers (light generation layer)

$Lumentum(LITE)$, $COHERENT(COHR)$, $nLIGHT(LASR)$, $Semtech(SMTC)$

4. Foundries (manufacturing layer)

$Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing(TSM)$, $Tower Semiconductor(TSEM)$, $GLOBALFOUNDRIES Inc.(GFS)$, $United Microelectronics(UMC)$, $Intel(INTC)$

5. Test, Inspection & Packaging (reliability layer)

$Aehr Test(AEHR)$, $Viavi Solutions(VIAV)$, $Onto Innovation Inc.(ONTO)$, $Amkor Technology(AMKR)$, $Fabrinet(FN)$

6. Optics (module layer)

$Applied Optoelectronics(AAOI)$, $POET Technologies Inc(POET)$, $Corning(GLW)$

7. Networking (connectivity layer)

$Credo Technology Group Holding Ltd(CRDO)$, $Marvell Technology(MRVL)$, $Broadcom(AVGO)$, $Arista Networks(ANET)$, $Ciena(CIEN)$


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# AI Companies and Industry DIG

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